In an article in Svenska landsmål och svenskt folkliv 2017, researchers Ingvar Svanberg and Sabira Ståhlberg discuss how wolf lichen was used in traditional folk biology for killing wolves in Scandinavia.
Killing wolves with lichens: wolf lichen, Letharia vulpina (L.) Hue, in Scandinavian folk biology. Svenska landsmål och svenskt folkliv 2017